parts needed to build a computer Part II
Processor (CPU)
An example of a CPU socket, pictured an old Socket A
To install the processor it requires great care as it is very sensitive to static electricity and can damage easily.
There is no fixing common manufacturers of CPU but each manufacturer adopts a different method of attaching the other hand, the pieces to fit (in order) are: the processor (on the appropriate plate with holes for inserting pins), the thermal paste (included, spread on top of the processor as indicated by the motherboard manual and / or processor that will be in contact with the heatsink) and the heat sink that can be basically of 2 types, Active (with fan ) or passive (strips of aluminum or copper) or for systems that require a lot of efficiency, a combined passive heatsink with a fan that allows faster removal of heat. Attention to the dissipation, as a heat sink is not suitable, fitted badly or without thermal paste (use and instructions for removing the thermal paste) or not sufficiently efficient for the system in use can permanently damage the CPU reaching very high temperatures ( 80 ° C or more).
RAM
4 slots of RAM
The next step is the RAM, random access memory; To install it, simply press both levers found on either side of the DIMM socket (gently). Enter a bank of RAM in the DIMM sockets in the right direction (see motherboard manual) and press firmly until the latches on the sides fall and block the RAM in place, if the feet are not blocking it but approach only, do a little 'pressure again and draw them closer to the memory into the slot until it clicks legacy (not to force too much a form of RAM because it may break).
Very important is to find the socket right where to put the RAM, always starting with # 1 and get to the 4 (or the first stop if you do not have many memory banks), should not proceed from the first socket in the boot PC will be an error in the RAM. If your motherboard uses the memory banks in parallel, the same refer to the manual to see the correct order of assembly.
The new motherboards RAM banks are colored alternately, to facilitate recognition, for example, the first slot is blue, the second is yellow, the third is blue, the fourth is yellow. In this case, proceed to color, saturate the first slots of the same color (all blue, then yellow, and usually all at that point you run out of places).
4 slots of RAM
The next step is the RAM, random access memory; To install it, simply press both levers found on either side of the DIMM socket (gently). Enter a bank of RAM in the DIMM sockets in the right direction (see motherboard manual) and press firmly until the latches on the sides fall and block the RAM in place, if the feet are not blocking it but approach only, do a little 'pressure again and draw them closer to the memory into the slot until it clicks legacy (not to force too much a form of RAM because it may break).
Very important is to find the socket right where to put the RAM, always starting with # 1 and get to the 4 (or the first stop if you do not have many memory banks), should not proceed from the first socket in the boot PC will be an error in the RAM. If your motherboard uses the memory banks in parallel, the same refer to the manual to see the correct order of assembly.
The new motherboards RAM banks are colored alternately, to facilitate recognition, for example, the first slot is blue, the second is yellow, the third is blue, the fourth is yellow. In this case, proceed to color, saturate the first slots of the same color (all blue, then yellow, and usually all at that point you run out of places).
Graphics Card (Video)
If you do not have an AGP video card, is already integrated or you have a PCI, then skip this section.
Install the AGP video card in the compartment. This is always at the beginning of the expansion slots on the board madre.Gli AGP slot are often brown in color, but you may also find them weird colors like Green fluorescente.Controlla the motherboard if there are levers (or other similar things ) that are part of the AGP slot and are used to help keep the video card stops. These must be retracted before inserting the video card. Check the motherboard manual for information on how to use the levers or other systems to hold the card the card video.Spingi opening (these slots are sometimes very close, so do a little 'force if necessary) and avvitala the metal support. If the card has a connector for the power, connect it to a 4-pin molex connector. If you have a pass-through, do not connect it to a hard drive.
If you do not have an AGP video card, is already integrated or you have a PCI, then skip this section.
Install the AGP video card in the compartment. This is always at the beginning of the expansion slots on the board madre.Gli AGP slot are often brown in color, but you may also find them weird colors like Green fluorescente.Controlla the motherboard if there are levers (or other similar things ) that are part of the AGP slot and are used to help keep the video card stops. These must be retracted before inserting the video card. Check the motherboard manual for information on how to use the levers or other systems to hold the card the card video.Spingi opening (these slots are sometimes very close, so do a little 'force if necessary) and avvitala the metal support. If the card has a connector for the power, connect it to a 4-pin molex connector. If you have a pass-through, do not connect it to a hard drive.
Hard Disk Drive
Then, install the hard disk, readers and writers.
Before installing the IDE / ATA, you will need to set the pins (jumpers), so that the motherboard correctly recognizes the drives, see the instructions on the motherboard or the drive to do this. The configuration of the legs normally and 'printed or behind or on the drive. Drives can be configured in two ways: Drive Select or Cable Select. Cable select automatically assigns the master / slave drives by referring to the order in which they are attached to the cable drives.
In this case, the writer and the reader is the master slave, but if you are using a cable with 80 pins. If they're using a 40-pin, then you put your foot on CS. With drive select, master and slave will be 'determined by jumpers: with this mode, you set a drive to master and a slave of another. Do not just set them both on master or slave, in this case the bios get it wrong 'and can recognize them' cause various effects, depending on the model (for example, has happened to me that the name of the drive Master featured a combination of the names of two drives). If the IDE cable connector has only one drive, then check the instructions on the motherboard to verify the default configuration, in most cases the master.
Each channel IDE / ATA 'support two drives, one master and one slave. SATA can 'support only one drive, so there is no' need to set foot. The way in which to install a drive depends on the case. When using an IDE cable, insert the two plugs in the two drives (as shown in the drawing above, for example), and the third on the motherboard. The connector more 'out of the motherboard is the master drive. Make it 'the hard disk where to install the operating system is the primary master. (Note: IDE connectors are marked, so it should be impossible to insert them upside down. However, it does not require much force to achieve and may destroy your motherboard if you do. Also check the cable and the drive before connecting. You will notice that the cable is missing a hole and the drive is missing a pin. Be careful, because if you break a pin on the drive, it will be 'unusable. For most of the IDE cables, then, have a colored band on one side, and the strip will be' written ' Pin 1 "- and usually will be 'aligned with the molex power connector. Use this strip if the connector is not' marked). Then, enter a 4-pin Molex connector on each hard disk and united 'perspective. If you are using a unit 'SATA, install only one power connector. Some units 'SATA give the possibility' of using both a SATA power connector (a connector plate width of about 2.5 cm) and a Molex, in this case using only one, not both.
If you are installing a floppy drive, the IDE cable is very similar, but with fewer wires. The floppy drive does not have a master or slave, but the connector to the drive is not often 'marked, and both sides are equal. There 'a wire into the connector on the floppy colored differently: this is pin 1. Normally there should be some indication on the floppy drive on which side should go. The current floppy connector has 4 pins all on one line, but it is much 'smaller than that of un'hard disk.
[Edit] Expansions and Connections
Now, install your PCI cards. Among them that are commonly marketed include sound cards, network cards, video cards and TV tuners. These fit into the slots located in white just below the AGP slot (if the motherboard possesses).
Now connect all the connectors that come to the feeder devices, including 20pin and 4 pin cables that had not yet attacked. Before you turn it on, you must connect the power button and reset with its LED (labeled). The connectors that go to the motherboard are labeled, but there may be difficulty in reading them due to their size, consult the manual to see where they go moterboard connected. You have to respect the polarity of the LEDs, usually the positive wire is white.
Then you connect all devices supported by the motherboard as USB ports and sound cards.
Finally, close the case and put the computer in the environment where you use it. Attach the power cord into the power outlet, attach the mouse, the keyboard and the monitor and all the other devices you want to use with your computer.
Then, install the hard disk, readers and writers.
Before installing the IDE / ATA, you will need to set the pins (jumpers), so that the motherboard correctly recognizes the drives, see the instructions on the motherboard or the drive to do this. The configuration of the legs normally and 'printed or behind or on the drive. Drives can be configured in two ways: Drive Select or Cable Select. Cable select automatically assigns the master / slave drives by referring to the order in which they are attached to the cable drives.
In this case, the writer and the reader is the master slave, but if you are using a cable with 80 pins. If they're using a 40-pin, then you put your foot on CS. With drive select, master and slave will be 'determined by jumpers: with this mode, you set a drive to master and a slave of another. Do not just set them both on master or slave, in this case the bios get it wrong 'and can recognize them' cause various effects, depending on the model (for example, has happened to me that the name of the drive Master featured a combination of the names of two drives). If the IDE cable connector has only one drive, then check the instructions on the motherboard to verify the default configuration, in most cases the master.
Each channel IDE / ATA 'support two drives, one master and one slave. SATA can 'support only one drive, so there is no' need to set foot. The way in which to install a drive depends on the case. When using an IDE cable, insert the two plugs in the two drives (as shown in the drawing above, for example), and the third on the motherboard. The connector more 'out of the motherboard is the master drive. Make it 'the hard disk where to install the operating system is the primary master. (Note: IDE connectors are marked, so it should be impossible to insert them upside down. However, it does not require much force to achieve and may destroy your motherboard if you do. Also check the cable and the drive before connecting. You will notice that the cable is missing a hole and the drive is missing a pin. Be careful, because if you break a pin on the drive, it will be 'unusable. For most of the IDE cables, then, have a colored band on one side, and the strip will be' written ' Pin 1 "- and usually will be 'aligned with the molex power connector. Use this strip if the connector is not' marked). Then, enter a 4-pin Molex connector on each hard disk and united 'perspective. If you are using a unit 'SATA, install only one power connector. Some units 'SATA give the possibility' of using both a SATA power connector (a connector plate width of about 2.5 cm) and a Molex, in this case using only one, not both.
If you are installing a floppy drive, the IDE cable is very similar, but with fewer wires. The floppy drive does not have a master or slave, but the connector to the drive is not often 'marked, and both sides are equal. There 'a wire into the connector on the floppy colored differently: this is pin 1. Normally there should be some indication on the floppy drive on which side should go. The current floppy connector has 4 pins all on one line, but it is much 'smaller than that of un'hard disk.
[Edit] Expansions and Connections
Now, install your PCI cards. Among them that are commonly marketed include sound cards, network cards, video cards and TV tuners. These fit into the slots located in white just below the AGP slot (if the motherboard possesses).
Now connect all the connectors that come to the feeder devices, including 20pin and 4 pin cables that had not yet attacked. Before you turn it on, you must connect the power button and reset with its LED (labeled). The connectors that go to the motherboard are labeled, but there may be difficulty in reading them due to their size, consult the manual to see where they go moterboard connected. You have to respect the polarity of the LEDs, usually the positive wire is white.
Then you connect all devices supported by the motherboard as USB ports and sound cards.
Finally, close the case and put the computer in the environment where you use it. Attach the power cord into the power outlet, attach the mouse, the keyboard and the monitor and all the other devices you want to use with your computer.
Power
Now press the "power". If the smoke comes out (should not, unless your power supply or the ventilation system are dead), or the computer will not start, check all the steps mentioned earlier if you have not forgotten anything. Check especially the data connectors and power cords, if your computer seems to function but you hear "beep," turn it off and check their meaning in the manual of the motherboard. Some motherboards have an option of recognition errors, usually of the LEDs, when properly connected, will inform the type of problem (always looking for the manual of the motherboard). If you turn it on when you hear only the noise power supply, turn it off immediately, it probably means that there is a short circuit, if you do not, you could quickly damage your hardware!.
Now, you'll need to set some parameters in the BIOS (usually by pressing the "del" or "F1" for a few seconds during boot), this option is explained in the manual of the motherboard. Usually, the default options are necessary user base but there may be discrepancies in setting the internal clock (CMOS) which should be corrected. The BIOS is also the order of reading devices, can be modified at will to suit the user (usually the CD / DVD player, the hard disk and floppy disk).
For a test, before installing the operating system, you can try using a bootable CD-ROM such as Knoppix, very useful in these cases.
Now press the "power". If the smoke comes out (should not, unless your power supply or the ventilation system are dead), or the computer will not start, check all the steps mentioned earlier if you have not forgotten anything. Check especially the data connectors and power cords, if your computer seems to function but you hear "beep," turn it off and check their meaning in the manual of the motherboard. Some motherboards have an option of recognition errors, usually of the LEDs, when properly connected, will inform the type of problem (always looking for the manual of the motherboard). If you turn it on when you hear only the noise power supply, turn it off immediately, it probably means that there is a short circuit, if you do not, you could quickly damage your hardware!.
Now, you'll need to set some parameters in the BIOS (usually by pressing the "del" or "F1" for a few seconds during boot), this option is explained in the manual of the motherboard. Usually, the default options are necessary user base but there may be discrepancies in setting the internal clock (CMOS) which should be corrected. The BIOS is also the order of reading devices, can be modified at will to suit the user (usually the CD / DVD player, the hard disk and floppy disk).
For a test, before installing the operating system, you can try using a bootable CD-ROM such as Knoppix, very useful in these cases.
Labels: COMPUTERS
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